Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a class of medications used to treat type 2 diabetes. They work by increasing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon secretion, thereby lowering blood glucose levels. However, recent studies have suggested that GLP-1s may also have detrimental effects on retinal health.
Evidence for Detrimental Effects
Several studies have shown that GLP-1s can cause retinal thinning in both animals and humans. This thinning is thought to be due to the effects of GLP-1 on the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which is a layer of cells that nourishes and supports the photoreceptors (the cells that detect light). GLP-1 has been shown to inhibit the RPE’s production of neurotrophic factors, which are essential for the survival and function of photoreceptors.
In addition to retinal thinning, GLP-1s have also been shown to cause other changes in the retina, such as increased inflammation and oxidative stress. These changes can further damage photoreceptors and lead to vision loss.
Clinical Implications
The clinical implications of these findings are still being investigated. However, it is important for patients with diabetes who are taking GLP-1s to be aware of the potential risks to their retinal health. If you are taking a GLP-1 and are experiencing any changes in your vision, it is important to see your doctor right away.
Conclusion
GLP-1s are an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes, but they may also have detrimental effects on retinal health. More research is needed to determine the long-term impact of GLP-1s on the retina and to develop strategies to mitigate any potential risks.
Questions to Ask Your Doctor
If you are taking a GLP-1 and are concerned about your retinal health, you should talk to your doctor about the following questions:
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Kind regards
F. Hillsom
